![]() ![]() More advanced control systems will also include the ability to automatically cycle generator sets on and off of a common electrical bus based on load demand (“load sense / load demand”). These multi-function control devices will include the basic functions expected in traditional paralleling control systems: dead bus arbitration, manual/automatic synchronizing, real (kW) and reactive (kVAR) load sharing and load shed/load add functionality. These paralleling solutions are normally limited to standard paralleling configurations and often paired with generator-mounted circuit breakers or another disconnect means (i.e., contactors) to connect the generators electrically. This method of paralleling has proven to be a simple and economical solution, when basic system functionality is required. In this case, the synchronizing control operations are combined with the more basic generator set control functions into a single generator set controller. On-generator set paralleling controls refer to dedicated microprocessor-based synchronizing and paralleling controls located on the package generator set. Hybrid solutions involving any combination of the approaches are also implemented in an ongoing effort to meet customer requirements in a creative and cost-effective manner. While the terminology used may differ by manufacturer, you will find that the solutions offered fit one of the three main categories. The following pages contain three high level categories used to describe those strategies. All of these factors have resulted in an evolution to the strategies used in paralleling generator sets. Perhaps more importantly, the science employed is impacted by the budgetary constraints of the project. Each EPS installation is as unique as the individual customer’s power needs and the design engineers involved in its development. The paralleling of generator sets is as much of an art as it is a science. ![]() TODAY’S GENERATOR SET PARALLELING SOLUTIONS In doing so, we will match the varying technologies with design criteria, from the most basic paralleling configurations to the more complex. We will outline the features and benefits of the various approaches, the pros and cons of each and we will discuss general guidelines including when to apply each paralleling technology. In this document, we will review the options available in generator set paralleling solutions, which have been made possible by the availability of integrated technologies. ft.) of the package and greater integration with the balance of the EPS. The integration of controls on the engine and generator has served to increase the functionality of the generator set allowing for increased power density (kW/sq. Over time, the generator set itself has evolved with its own system of microprocessor-based controls. This has not only served to reduce the relative cost and footprint of the switchgear, but has also improved the connectivity and communication among the various elements of a traditional Emergency Power System (EPS). A process that once required discrete synchronizing components, panels full of induction disc protective relays and analog meters is now being performed with fewer and more cost-effective microprocessor-based componentry. The art of paralleling generator sets has evolved over time. Don Dentino Senior Strategy Consultant for Product Definition Caterpillar Inc.
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